The Restoration Period (1660-1700)

 

The Restoration Period (1660-1700)

 

Restoration means, Restoration of Monarchy. āĻ–্āϝাāϤিāĻŽাāύ āĻ•āĻŦি John Dryden āĻāϰ āύাāĻŽ āĻ…āύুāϏাāϰেāĻ   Restoration Period  āĻ•ে  Age Dryden- āĻŦāϞা āĻšā§Ÿ।

 

Commonwealth period āĻāϰ  Richard Cromwell āĻāϰ āĻĒāϤāύেāϰ āĻĒāϰ  England āĻāϰ āϞোāĻ•েāϰা  Caroline Period āĻāϰ āϰাāϜা  Charles –I (āϝাāĻ•ে āĻļিāϰāĻļ্āĻ›েāĻĻ āĻ•āϰা āĻšā§Ÿ)āĻāϰ āĻ›েāϞে  Charles –II  (āϝিāύি  France āĻ āĻĒাāϞি⧟ে āφāϤ্āĻŽāϰāĻ•্āώা āĻ•āϰেāĻ›িāϞেāύ)āĻ•ে England āĻāϰ āϏিংāĻšাāϏāύে āĻŦāϏাāύ।

āĻāχ āϝুāĻ—ে āĻĻুāϟি   Political party   āĻ—āĻ িāϤ āĻšā§Ÿ:

* Wing-against the King

* Tory – on the favour of King

 

Industrialization began on this period in England.

 

 

Restoration Period āĻāϰ āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝিāĻ•āĻ—āĻŖ:

 

John Milton (1608-1674)

 

Titles:

  1. Epic Poet (āĻŦাংāϞাāϰ āĻŽিāϞ্āϟāύ āĻŦāϞা āĻšā§Ÿ -‘āĻŽāĻšাāĻ•াāĻŦ্āϝেāϰ āĻ•āĻŦি’ āĻ–্āϝাāϤ āĻšেāĻŽāϚāύ্āĻĻ্āϰāĻ•ে।
  2. A great master of verse in the Puritan Period.
  • āϤাঁāĻ•ে ‘āϰেāύেāϏাঁ’ āϝুāĻ—েāϰ āϏāϰ্āĻŦāĻļেāώ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻ­ূ’āĻ“ āĻŦāϞা āĻšā§Ÿ

 

āϤাঁāϰ āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ Epics:

 

  1. Paradise Lost (āĻŦাāχāĻŦেāϞেāϰ āĻŦāϰ্āĻŖāύা āĻ…āύুāϝা⧟ী āĻšāϝāϰāϤ āφāĻĻāĻŽ (āφঃ) āĻ“ āĻšাāĻ“ā§Ÿা (āφঃ)āĻāϰ āϏ্āĻŦāϰ্āĻ— āĻšাāϰাāύোāϰ āĻ•াāĻšিāύী āĻĢুāϟে āωāĻ েāĻ›ে āĻ āĻŽāĻšাāĻ•াāĻŦ্āϝে। āĻāϟি Black verse āĻ›āύ্āĻĻে āϰāϚিāϤ।)
  2. Paradise Regained (āĻāχ āĻĻুāχāϟি āĻŽāĻšাāĻ•াāĻŦ্āϝ ā§§ā§Ŧā§Ģ⧍ āϏাāϞে āĻāĻ•āĻŦাāϰে āĻ…āύ্āϧāĻšā§Ÿে āĻ—েāϞে āĻ…āύ্āϧ āĻ…āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨা⧟ āϤিāύি āϰāϚāύা āĻ•āϰেāύ। āĻŦাংāϞা āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝে āĻāĻ•āĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āĻ—āĻĻ্āϝ āĻŽāĻšাāĻ•াāĻŦ্āϝ -āĻŦিāώাāĻĻ āϏিāύ্āϧু)

 

Theme of Paradise Lost: To Justify the ways of God to man

Paradise Lost āĻŽāĻšাāĻ•াāĻŦ্āϝেāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āϞাāχāύ āĻšāϞো “Better to reign in Hell then serve in Heaven”

 

Famous elegies (āĻļোāĻ•āĻ—ীāϤি)

i)Lycidas (āϞাāχāϚিāĻĻাāϏ; āĻ•āĻŦিāϰ āĻŦāύ্āϧু Edward King āĻāϰ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু āύি⧟ে āϞেāĻ–া। āĻŦাংāϞা āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝে āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āϏাāϰ্āĻĨāĻ• āĻļোāĻ•āĻ—াঁāĻĨা/āĻŽৌāϞিāĻ• āĻ—্āϰāύ্āĻĨ āĻšāϞো āψāĻļ্āĻŦāϰāϚāύ্āĻĻ্āϰ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϏাāĻ—āϰেāϰ “āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦāϤী āϏāĻŽ্āĻ­াāώāĻŖ”।)

  1. ii) Song of Shakespeare

 

āϤাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻļ āĻ•āĻŦিāϤা : On The Morning of Christ’s Nativity (1627)

 

Famous poetic drama (āĻ•াāĻŦ্āϝāύাāϟāĻ•):

  • Samson Agonistes (Tragic Drama)
  • Comus

 

Famous Prose (āĻ—āĻĻ্āϝāϰāϚāύা):

  • Of Education (essay)
  • Areopagitica (about freedom of press)

 

Famous sonnets:

  • On the Blindness
  • On the Late Massacre

 

Famous quotes:

  1. “It is better to reign in Hell then serve in Heaven” (āϏ্āĻŦāϰ্āĻ—েāϰ āĻĻাāϏāϤ্āĻŦ āĻ•āϰাāϰ āϚে⧟ে āύāϰāĻ•ে āϰাāϜāϤ্āĻŦ āĻ•āϰা āĻļ্āϰে⧟; āĻāϟি Satan āĻāϰ āωāĻ•্āϤি)
  2. “Childhood shows the man as morning shows the day”(āϏāĻ•াāϞেāϰ āϏূāϰ্āϝ āϝেāĻŽāύ āĻĻিāĻŦāϏেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāϚ্āĻ›āĻŦি, āĻŦাāϞ্āϝāĻ•াāϞāĻ“ āĻŽāĻšā§Ž āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāϚ্āĻ›āĻŦি)
  • “Death is the golden key that opens the place of eternity”(āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝুāϰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽে āĻŽাāύুāώ āĻ…āĻŽāϰāϤ্āĻŦ āϞাāĻ­ āĻ•āϰে।)

NB: There are two types of epic:

  1. Primary Epic (āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽে āĻ…āϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻ›িāϞো, āĻĒāϰে āϞিāĻ–িāϤ āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে। āϝেāĻŽāύ: āĻ—্āϰীāĻ•āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝিāĻ• āĻšোāĻŽাāϰেāϰ Iliad āĻāĻŦং Odessey)
  2. Secondary Epic (āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻĨেāĻ•েāχ āϞিāĻ–িāϤ। āϝেāĻŽāύ: Paradise Lost āĻāĻŦং Paradise Regained)

 

John Dryden

 

John Dryden āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝ āϏāĻŽাāϞোāϚāĻ• āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āϏāĻŦāϚাāχāϤে āĻŦেāĻļি āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āĻ›িāϞেāύ। āφāĻŽāϰা āϝে “Metaphysical Poetry” āϟাāϰ্āĻŽāϟিāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻĒāϰিāϚিāϤ āϤা āϤিāύি āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰেāύ। āϤাāϰ āϞিāĻ–া āϏāĻŦāϚাāχāϤে āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āύাāϟāĻ• “All for Love” āϞিāĻ–া āĻšā§ŸেāĻ›ে Blank Verse āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻ•āϰে। Blank Verse āĻŦāϞāϤে āĻŦোāĻা⧟ āĻ…āĻŽিāϤ্āϰাāĻ•্āώāϰ āĻ›āύ্āĻĻ।

 

Titles:

Father of Modern English Criticism.

 

āϤিāύি Shekespeare āĻāϰ The Tempest āύাāϟāĻ•েāϰ āϤীāĻŦ্āϰ āϏāĻŽাāϞোāϚāύা āĻ“ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ™্āĻ— āĻ•āϰে  The Enchanted Island āύাāϟāĻ•āϟি āϞেāĻ–েāύ।John Dryden āĻ•ে Glorious John  āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āφāĻ–্āϝা⧟িāϤ āĻ•āϰেāύ Sir Walter Scott.

 

Famous work:

  1. All for Love(a heroic tragedy)***
  2. The Indian Emperor
  • Absalom and Achitophel (a poetic political satire)
  1. The Mistaken Husband
  2. Mac Flecknoe ( a satirical poem)
  3. An Evening’s Love (a comedy)
  • The Conquest of Granada
  • Preface of the fables
  1. Aurge-Zebe
  2. The Eassy on Dramatic Poesy

 

Famous Poem: Heroic Stanzas on the Death of Cromwell.

Famous Quotes:

  1. They think too little who talk too much.
  2. We first make our habits than habits make us.
  3. Jealousy is the proof of love.

 

William Congreve (1670-1729)

 

William Congreve was born in 1670-1729 in England and died in 1729 in England. He wrotes some of the most popular English plays of the Restoration period of the Late 17th century.

 

He was famous for Comedy of Manners.

 

William Congreve āĻ›িāϞেāύ Jonathon Swift āĻāϰ āĻŦāύ্āϧু।

Famous plays:

  1. The Way of the World
  2. Love for Love

iii. The Double Dealer

  1. The Old Bachelor
  2. The Mourning Bride (āĻļোāĻ•াāϤুāϰ āĻ•āύে)

 

John Bunyan

 

John Bunyan was an English Christian writer and preacher, who is well-known for his book The Pillgrim’s Progress.

 

Famous Book:

  1. The Pillgrim’s Progress
  2. The Holy War – āĻ ‍āĻĻুāϟি āĻ—্āϰāύ্āĻĨ āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ āϰূāĻĒāĻ•াāĻļ্āϰ⧟ী āĻ—āĻĻ্āϝ (Allegory Prose)
  3. The Life and Death of Mr. Badman.

 

Famous quote:

In Prayer it is better to have a heart without words than words without a heart.  (āĻšৃāĻĻ⧟āĻŦিāĻšীāύ āĻ•āĻĨাāĻŽাāϞা āύিāϰ্āĻ­āϰ āĻŽোāύাāϜাāϤেāϰ āϚে⧟ে āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻšীāύ āĻšৃāĻĻ⧟েāϰ āĻĒ্āϰাāϰ্āĻĨāύা āĻļ্āϰে⧟।)

 

Samuel Butler

 

He is a famous poet and satirist.

Famous work: Hudibars.

āϤāĻŦে Samuel Butler āύাāĻŽে āĻāĻ•āϜāύ āĻŦিāĻ–্āϝাāϤ  Victorian novelist āϰ⧟েāĻ›েāύ।

 

 

John Locke

Father of Modern Democracy

Famous Book:

  • An Essay Concerning Human
  • Understanding

 

āωāĻ•্āϤি: āϝেāĻ–াāύে āφāχāύ āύেāχ āϏেāĻ–াāύে āϏ্āĻŦাāϧীāύāϤা āύেāχ।

 

William Wycherley (āωāχāϞি⧟াāĻŽ āωāχāϚাāϰ্āϞি)

He was born in 1640 and died in 1716. He was the of an aristocratic family.

Famous Book:

  1. The Country Wife
  2. Love in a Wood.
  3. The Gentleman Danci Master
  4. The Plain Dealer

 

Aphra Behn

Famous Book:

  • Woman in a world of man
  • The Rover (comedy)
  • Oroonoko (a prose Fiction)

 

George Farquhar

 

Famous Book:

  1. The Recruiting Officer
  2. The Beaux’s Stratagem

 

Thomas Otway

Famous Book:

  • The Orphan
  • Venice Preserved

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