The Restoration Period (1660-1700)
Restoration means, Restoration of Monarchy. āĻ্āϝাāϤিāĻŽাāύ āĻāĻŦি John Dryden āĻāϰ āύাāĻŽ āĻ āύুāϏাāϰেāĻ Restoration Period āĻে Age Dryden- āĻŦāϞা āĻšā§।
Commonwealth period āĻāϰ Richard Cromwell āĻāϰ āĻĒāϤāύেāϰ āĻĒāϰ England āĻāϰ āϞোāĻেāϰা Caroline Period āĻāϰ āϰাāĻা Charles –I (āϝাāĻে āĻļিāϰāĻļ্āĻেāĻĻ āĻāϰা āĻšā§)āĻāϰ āĻেāϞে Charles –II (āϝিāύি France āĻ āĻĒাāϞিā§ে āĻāϤ্āĻŽāϰāĻ্āώা āĻāϰেāĻিāϞেāύ)āĻে England āĻāϰ āϏিংāĻšাāϏāύে āĻŦāϏাāύ।
āĻāĻ āϝুāĻে āĻĻুāĻি Political party āĻāĻ িāϤ āĻšā§:
* Wing-against the King
* Tory – on the favour of King
Industrialization began on this period in England.
Restoration Period āĻāϰ āĻŦিāĻ্āϝাāϤ āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝিāĻāĻāĻŖ:
John Milton (1608-1674)
Titles:
- Epic Poet (āĻŦাংāϞাāϰ āĻŽিāϞ্āĻāύ āĻŦāϞা āĻšā§ -‘āĻŽāĻšাāĻাāĻŦ্āϝেāϰ āĻāĻŦি’ āĻ্āϝাāϤ āĻšেāĻŽāĻāύ্āĻĻ্āϰāĻে।
- A great master of verse in the Puritan Period.
- āϤাঁāĻে ‘āϰেāύেāϏাঁ’ āϝুāĻেāϰ āϏāϰ্āĻŦāĻļেāώ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻূ’āĻ āĻŦāϞা āĻšā§
āϤাঁāϰ āĻŦিāĻ্āϝাāϤ Epics:
- Paradise Lost (āĻŦাāĻāĻŦেāϞেāϰ āĻŦāϰ্āĻŖāύা āĻ āύুāϝাā§ী āĻšāϝāϰāϤ āĻāĻĻāĻŽ (āĻঃ) āĻ āĻšাāĻā§া (āĻঃ)āĻāϰ āϏ্āĻŦāϰ্āĻ āĻšাāϰাāύোāϰ āĻাāĻšিāύী āĻĢুāĻে āĻāĻ েāĻে āĻ āĻŽāĻšাāĻাāĻŦ্āϝে। āĻāĻি Black verse āĻāύ্āĻĻে āϰāĻিāϤ।)
- Paradise Regained (āĻāĻ āĻĻুāĻāĻি āĻŽāĻšাāĻাāĻŦ্āϝ ā§§ā§Ŧā§Ģ⧍ āϏাāϞে āĻāĻāĻŦাāϰে āĻ āύ্āϧāĻšā§ে āĻেāϞে āĻ āύ্āϧ āĻ āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাā§ āϤিāύি āϰāĻāύা āĻāϰেāύ। āĻŦাংāϞা āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝে āĻāĻāĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āĻāĻĻ্āϝ āĻŽāĻšাāĻাāĻŦ্āϝ -āĻŦিāώাāĻĻ āϏিāύ্āϧু)
Theme of Paradise Lost: To Justify the ways of God to man
Paradise Lost āĻŽāĻšাāĻাāĻŦ্āϝেāϰ āĻāĻāĻি āĻŦিāĻ্āϝাāϤ āϞাāĻāύ āĻšāϞো “Better to reign in Hell then serve in Heaven”
Famous elegies (āĻļোāĻāĻীāϤি)
i)Lycidas (āϞাāĻāĻিāĻĻাāϏ; āĻāĻŦিāϰ āĻŦāύ্āϧু Edward King āĻāϰ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু āύিā§ে āϞেāĻা। āĻŦাংāϞা āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝে āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āϏাāϰ্āĻĨāĻ āĻļোāĻāĻাঁāĻĨা/āĻŽৌāϞিāĻ āĻ্āϰāύ্āĻĨ āĻšāϞো āĻāĻļ্āĻŦāϰāĻāύ্āĻĻ্āϰ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝাāϏাāĻāϰেāϰ “āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāĻŦāϤী āϏāĻŽ্āĻাāώāĻŖ”।)
- ii) Song of Shakespeare
āϤাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻļ āĻāĻŦিāϤা : On The Morning of Christ’s Nativity (1627)
Famous poetic drama (āĻাāĻŦ্āϝāύাāĻāĻ):
- Samson Agonistes (Tragic Drama)
- Comus
Famous Prose (āĻāĻĻ্āϝāϰāĻāύা):
- Of Education (essay)
- Areopagitica (about freedom of press)
Famous sonnets:
- On the Blindness
- On the Late Massacre
Famous quotes:
- “It is better to reign in Hell then serve in Heaven” (āϏ্āĻŦāϰ্āĻেāϰ āĻĻাāϏāϤ্āĻŦ āĻāϰাāϰ āĻেā§ে āύāϰāĻে āϰাāĻāϤ্āĻŦ āĻāϰা āĻļ্āϰেā§; āĻāĻি Satan āĻāϰ āĻāĻ্āϤি)
- “Childhood shows the man as morning shows the day”(āϏāĻাāϞেāϰ āϏূāϰ্āϝ āϝেāĻŽāύ āĻĻিāĻŦāϏেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻ্āĻāĻŦি, āĻŦাāϞ্āϝāĻাāϞāĻ āĻŽāĻšā§ āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻ্āĻāĻŦি)
- “Death is the golden key that opens the place of eternity”(āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝুāϰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽে āĻŽাāύুāώ āĻ āĻŽāϰāϤ্āĻŦ āϞাāĻ āĻāϰে।)
NB: There are two types of epic:
- Primary Epic (āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽে āĻ āϞিāĻিāϤ āĻিāϞো, āĻĒāϰে āϞিāĻিāϤ āĻšā§েāĻে। āϝেāĻŽāύ: āĻ্āϰীāĻāϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝিāĻ āĻšোāĻŽাāϰেāϰ Iliad āĻāĻŦং Odessey)
- Secondary Epic (āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻĨেāĻেāĻ āϞিāĻিāϤ। āϝেāĻŽāύ: Paradise Lost āĻāĻŦং Paradise Regained)
John Dryden
John Dryden āϏাāĻšিāϤ্āϝ āϏāĻŽাāϞোāĻāĻ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āϏāĻŦāĻাāĻāϤে āĻŦেāĻļি āĻŦিāĻ্āϝাāϤ āĻিāϞেāύ। āĻāĻŽāϰা āϝে “Metaphysical Poetry” āĻাāϰ্āĻŽāĻিāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻĒāϰিāĻিāϤ āϤা āϤিāύি āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰেāύ। āϤাāϰ āϞিāĻা āϏāĻŦāĻাāĻāϤে āĻŦিāĻ্āϝাāϤ āύাāĻāĻ “All for Love” āϞিāĻা āĻšā§েāĻে Blank Verse āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰে। Blank Verse āĻŦāϞāϤে āĻŦোāĻাā§ āĻ āĻŽিāϤ্āϰাāĻ্āώāϰ āĻāύ্āĻĻ।
Titles:
Father of Modern English Criticism.
āϤিāύি Shekespeare āĻāϰ The Tempest āύাāĻāĻেāϰ āϤীāĻŦ্āϰ āϏāĻŽাāϞোāĻāύা āĻ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āĻ āĻāϰে The Enchanted Island āύাāĻāĻāĻি āϞেāĻেāύ।John Dryden āĻে Glorious John āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻāĻ্āϝাā§িāϤ āĻāϰেāύ Sir Walter Scott.
Famous work:
- All for Love(a heroic tragedy)***
- The Indian Emperor
- Absalom and Achitophel (a poetic political satire)
- The Mistaken Husband
- Mac Flecknoe ( a satirical poem)
- An Evening’s Love (a comedy)
- The Conquest of Granada
- Preface of the fables
- Aurge-Zebe
- The Eassy on Dramatic Poesy
Famous Poem: Heroic Stanzas on the Death of Cromwell.
Famous Quotes:
- They think too little who talk too much.
- We first make our habits than habits make us.
- Jealousy is the proof of love.
William Congreve (1670-1729)
William Congreve was born in 1670-1729 in England and died in 1729 in England. He wrotes some of the most popular English plays of the Restoration period of the Late 17th century.
He was famous for Comedy of Manners.
William Congreve āĻিāϞেāύ Jonathon Swift āĻāϰ āĻŦāύ্āϧু।
Famous plays:
- The Way of the World
- Love for Love
iii. The Double Dealer
- The Old Bachelor
- The Mourning Bride (āĻļোāĻাāϤুāϰ āĻāύে)
John Bunyan
John Bunyan was an English Christian writer and preacher, who is well-known for his book The Pillgrim’s Progress.
Famous Book:
- The Pillgrim’s Progress
- The Holy War – āĻ āĻĻুāĻি āĻ্āϰāύ্āĻĨ āĻŦিāĻ্āϝাāϤ āϰূāĻĒāĻাāĻļ্āϰā§ী āĻāĻĻ্āϝ (Allegory Prose)
- The Life and Death of Mr. Badman.
Famous quote:
In Prayer it is better to have a heart without words than words without a heart. (āĻšৃāĻĻā§āĻŦিāĻšীāύ āĻāĻĨাāĻŽাāϞা āύিāϰ্āĻāϰ āĻŽোāύাāĻাāϤেāϰ āĻেā§ে āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻšীāύ āĻšৃāĻĻā§েāϰ āĻĒ্āϰাāϰ্āĻĨāύা āĻļ্āϰেā§।)
Samuel Butler
He is a famous poet and satirist.
Famous work: Hudibars.
āϤāĻŦে Samuel Butler āύাāĻŽে āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻŦিāĻ্āϝাāϤ Victorian novelist āϰā§েāĻেāύ।
John Locke
Father of Modern Democracy
Famous Book:
- An Essay Concerning Human
- Understanding
āĻāĻ্āϤি: āϝেāĻাāύে āĻāĻāύ āύেāĻ āϏেāĻাāύে āϏ্āĻŦাāϧীāύāϤা āύেāĻ।
William Wycherley (āĻāĻāϞিā§াāĻŽ āĻāĻāĻাāϰ্āϞি)
He was born in 1640 and died in 1716. He was the of an aristocratic family.
Famous Book:
- The Country Wife
- Love in a Wood.
- The Gentleman Danci Master
- The Plain Dealer
Aphra Behn
Famous Book:
- Woman in a world of man
- The Rover (comedy)
- Oroonoko (a prose Fiction)
George Farquhar
Famous Book:
- The Recruiting Officer
- The Beaux’s Stratagem
Thomas Otway
Famous Book:
- The Orphan
- Venice Preserved